jadalogoprosthov2.png
Ë

Prosthodontics — September 21, 2018

What's in this issue?


Dental cements and peri-implant biofilm >>


Peri-implant parameters, tumor-necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β levels, and vaping >>


Product Spotlight: The complete implant workflow with Planmeca Romexis >>

News You Can Use: Register now for ACP’s 2018 annual meeting and save >>


News You Can Use: Clinical complications in prosthodontics with ADA CE Online >>

 

Radiograph consensus in assessing marginal bone level

Australian researchers found poor consensus when they compared whether dental practitioners agreed with themselves and other dental practitioners in reviewing radiographs to assess marginal bone level (MBL) around Brånemark single implant crowns. They published their results in the July issue of Clinical Oral Implants Research.

“Agreement in radiograph interpretation by both the same clinician and others on the treatment team is central to valid diagnosis of pathology and to provide an indication of ongoing treatment needs,” researchers wrote.

In their study, they assessed how individual practitioners evaluated MBL on 100 radiographs of implant-supported single crowns selected from 256 single implants in 128 patients presented to them multiple times with a normal or brightened appearance. They also assessed agreement between practitioners, presented multiple times with 100 radiographs with normal or brightened appearance.

The researchers also sought to assess whether differences in agreement related to radiograph brightness, level of accuracy (discrimination), participant demographics, or implant characteristics.

Because literature data did not exist to complete a power calculation, the researchers ultimately enrolled 74 participants as a convenience sample. Among the participants were 11 nondentists (dental assistants) and 63 clinicians, including 16 general dentists, 10 endodontists, 7 oral and maxillofacial surgeons, 10 periodontists, and 20 prosthodontists.

They determined that on average individual participants disagreed with their own radiographic assessment a quarter of the time and disagreed with their colleagues’ assessments more than a quarter of the time. “Clinically, this research indicates that caution should be exercised in making a diagnosis of pathology when relying solely on a single radiographic image at a given point of time,” researchers wrote.

They discovered that there was improvement when participants evaluated brightened radiographs. However, the brightened radiographs did not affect agreement between colleagues.

“The results of this study show a remarkably poor agreement in assessment of MBLs, both within and between clinicians when viewing x-rays of implants,” researchers said. “Remarkable, because it is accepted that assessment of probing depths around implants is inconsistent, but then assumed that those results can be augmented by an experienced clinician’s assessment of MBLs on radiographs. The results of this study negate such assumptions.”

Their findings led researchers to conclude that if clinicians are inaccurately reading radiographs, then their clinical actions may be inaccurate as well.

“Overall, given such variation can exist both within and between practitioners when interpreting radiographs, it is clearly important that practitioners do not interpret radiographic MBLs in isolation,” researchers wrote. “Assessment of other clinical parameters that may include the occlusal condition, mucosal health, probing depths and the clinical time in situ, should also be considered.”

Read the original article here.

 

Advertisement
Planmeca

 

prostho3_2

Dental cements and peri-implant biofilm

Researchers conducted an observational study comparing the impact of 2 cements used in cement-fixed implant-supported restorations on peri-implant biofilm and inflammation. They found that revision and re-cementation with a zinc oxide eugenol cement positively affected peri-implant biofilm in cases with methacrylate cement. Their results were published online August 20 in Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research.

In up to 60% of cases involving fixed suprastructures cemented on implants, excess cement remains in the peri-implant sulcus, researchers wrote. The excess cement encourages biofilm formation and can lead to peri-mucositis, peri-implantitis, or even loss of the implant.

“The longer the time the excess cement has stayed in the peri-implant sulcus, the greater the risk of peri-implant inflammation,” researchers wrote. “The consequences may be a higher degree of peri-implant bone loss. Undetected excess cement will cause cement-associated peri-implant inflammation in around approximately 80% of the implants.”

To conduct their study, researchers analyzed 34 patients who had received implant-supported restorations using temporary methacrylate cement or zinc oxide eugenol cement from January through May 2010. They revised the patients’ suprastructures from September through December 2013. The study’s methacrylate cohort had 20 people (14 men and 6 women), and the zinc oxide eugenol cohort had 14 people (7 men and 7 women).

They obtained bacterial samples by probing the participants’ peri-implant pockets using sterile paper points and conducted microbial analysis for taxonomic composition by sequencing the V1 through V2 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. To extract DNA, they used commercial extraction protocols for genomic DNA and then eluted the DNA with clean water.

They determined that red complex bacteria were specifically more abundant when methacrylate cement was used, and that the risk of peri-implant tissue developing an infection was reduced significantly when avoiding methacrylate and using zinc oxide eugenol cement.

“In summary, implants whose suprastructures were fixed with a methacrylate-based cement apparently have more oral pathogenic bacteria in the peri-implant sulcus than implants that were cemented with zinc oxide eugenol cement,” researchers wrote.

The researchers determined that zinc oxide eugenol cement is an alternative method worth considering for cementing suprastructures on implant-supported restorations. They declared that the small sample size of their study was a limitation that could have influenced results.

Read the original article here.

 

prostho3_3

Peri-implant parameters, tumor-necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β levels, and vaping

In a pilot study comparing peri-implant parameters, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1-β (IL-1β) levels between e-cigarette (e-cig) vapers and nonsmokers, researchers concluded that clinical and radiographic peri-implant parameters were compromised among vapers and that vaping may lead to greater local peri-implant inflammation. The results were published in the June issue of Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research.

E-cigs, the authors note, is a newer form of tobacco smoking, more common among young adults aged 18 through 25 years, that poses serious health risks.

“Individuals may misapprehend e-cig vaping as less harmful than regular cigarette smoking,” researchers wrote. “Recent data by several researchers have suggested that e-cig aerosol causes increased oxidative/carbonyl stress, inflammatory responses, alteration of lung cellular function, and promotes DNA damage.”

The Saudi Arabian and Pakistani researchers included 47 vapers (group 1) and 45 people (group 2)—all male—who were never smokers. The group 1 participants had vaped for at least the past year. The group 2 participants never consumed tobacco in any form during their lifetimes. Participants had at least 1 current dental implant in place for 36 months.

The researchers excluded others types of smokers, including cigarette, water pipe, and smokeless tobacco users; patients with debilitating systemic diseases; edentulous patients; patients who had used antibiotics or steroidal or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within the past 6 months; and patients who had undergone periodontal therapy within the past 6 months.

Researchers collected demographic and implant-related data using a structured baseline questionnaire. The questionnaire gathered data on participants’ sexes, ages, implants, duration and frequency of e-cig vaping, and oral hygiene habits.

In comparing the 2 groups, researchers conducted a peri-implant assessment to account for each participant’s peri-implant plaque index, bleeding on probing, and probing depth of 4 millimeters or less with references to the Consensus report on the Seventh European Workshop on Periodontology.

They also evaluated peri-implant bone loss (PIBL) radiographically and collected 2 peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) samples from supragingival plaque that they had carefully removed from the crown surfaces.

To measure TNF-α and IL-1β in PISF, researchers analyzed biomarkers and applied centrifugation to all PISF samples. They quantified levels of TNF-α and IL-1β using enzymatic immunosorbent assay, according to manufacturer’s recommendations.

To perform statistical analysis, they used software and reported data as percentages of means with standard deviations. They conducted other analyses by using Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and quantile-quantile plots (normality of distribution of the variables); Kruskal-Wallis test (between group comparison of means for clinical parameters); Mann-Whitney U test (comparison of cytokine levels between groups); Bonferroni post hoc adjustment test (for multiple comparison); and nQuery Advisory software (calculating power and sample size).

With inclusion of at least 45 patients per group (assuming a standard deviation of 1.0%), the study power was estimated to be 80% to detect an association between TNF-α and IL-1β levels and clinical peri-implant parameters among both groups (with a 2-sided significance level of .05). A P value of < .05 was considered statistically significant.

Researchers declared that, to their knowledge, their study is the first to compare the clinical and radiographic statuses of dental implants and local proinflammatory cytokine levels among vapers and nonsmokers. They also declared that their study supports the hypothesis that peri-implant clinical and radiographic parameters are worse and the levels of proinflammatory cytokine are higher among vapers than people who have never used tobacco in any form.

Although researchers cautioned that their study has certain limitations (for example, self-reported outcomes, potential geometric errors in the assessment of PIBL on digital radiographs) within the limits of their study, they warned that vapers may be at risk of developing poor peri-implant tissue inflammation and called for clinicians to educate young adults about the detrimental effects of the practice.

Read the original article here.

 

Product Spotlight

prostho3_productspotlight

The complete implant workflow with Planmeca Romexis

Today, there are 120 million people in the U.S. missing at least one tooth, and more than 36 million Americans do not have any teeth (according to Facts & Figures from the American College of Prosthodontics)—and these numbers are growing. At Planmeca, we have developed a complete implant workflow from smile design, through implant planning and final restoration. The implant workflow module in Planmeca Romexis streamlines the process and helps facilitate successful outcomes. By utilizing Planmeca Romexis software, Planmeca ProMax 3D imaging, and digital impressions with Planmeca Emerald, a clinician can ensure that treatments are carried out according to plan. Discover how Planmeca can deliver efficiency to your implant treatments.

Learn more

 

News You Can Use

Register now for ACP’s 2018 annual meeting and save
ACP18_Logo_CMYK
Register by Monday, Sept. 24 to save $150 on the 2018 Annual Session of the American College of Prosthodontists, Oct. 31-Nov. 3 in Baltimore.

The program will explore advances in dental materials and technology, the clinical science of bone and tissue regeneration, innovations in implant and maxillofacial surgery, and much more. Speakers, topics, and registration are online at acp48.com.

The next ACP Digital Dentistry Symposium will be held Feb. 19-20, 2019 in Chicago. This symposium is designed for dental professionals who are interested in state-of-the-art digital solutions for the treatment of restorative patients, whether you are considering investing in digital technology or would like to get more out of the systems you already have in place. Registration will be open soon at Prosthodontics.org

Clinical complications in prosthodontics with ADA CE Online

prostho3_CEADA CE Online brings you an extensive series on complications with prosthodontics from our trusted experts. Learn methods to plan ahead for clinical challenges and manage them when they do occur. Stay ahead of the curve in prosthodontics and earn CE now.

 

 

Advertisement
Planmeca

 

What's in this issue?


Radiograph consensus in assessing marginal bone level >>


 

Dental cements and peri-implant biofilm >>


Peri-implant parameters, tumor-necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β levels, and vaping >>


Product Spotlight: The complete implant workflow with Planmeca Romexis >>

News You Can Use: Register now for ACP’s 2018 annual meeting and save >>


News You Can Use: Clinical complications in prosthodontics with ADA CE Online >>

 

 

Prostho3_editor

The consulting editor for JADA+ Specialty Scan — Prosthodontics is Donald A. Curtis, DMD, FACP, Diplomate, American Board of Prosthodontics Professor, University of California San Francisco.

 

JADA+ Specialty Scans and JADA+ Scans
JADA+ Specialty Scans and JADA+ Scans are quarterly newsletters updating dentists on the latest research in selected specialties and disciplines in dentistry. ADA Publishing and the consulting editors from the represented specialties and disciplines aggregate and summarize research from previously published materials, each item attributed to its publication of origin. JADA+ Scan specialties and disciplines include endodontics, healthy aging, oral pathology, orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, periodontics, prosthodontics, radiology, cosmetic/esthetic and osseointegration. View past issues here.

Editorial and Advertising Policies
Any statements of opinion or fact are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the American Dental Association. Neither the ADA nor any of its subsidiaries have any financial interest in any products mentioned in this publication. Any reference to a product or service, whether in advertisements or otherwise, is not intended as an endorsement or as approval by the ADA or any of its affiliated organizations unless accompanied by an authorized statement that such approval or endorsement has been granted.

All matters pertaining to advertising should be addressed to the advertising sales manager, Sales and Marketing Department, American Dental Association, Publishing Division, 211 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, Ill 60611, 1-312-440-2740, fax 1-312-440-2550. All advertising appearing in ADA publications must comply with official published standards of the American Dental Association, a copy of which is available on request.